Access Control

Access control is a security measure that regulates who can enter or access certain areas, resources, or information within a system. It involves a set of policies, technologies, and procedures designed to manage and monitor access rights. Here are the core aspects:
 
Authentication:
Verification: Ensures that individuals are who they claim to be before granting access. This can involve methods like passwords, PINs, keycards, biometric data (fingerprints, facial recognition), or multi-factor authentication (MFA).
Authorization:
Permission: Determines what an authenticated individual is allowed to do within a system or area. This includes setting permissions for accessing specific locations, data, or resources based on roles, responsibilities, or security levels.
Access Control Mechanisms:
Physical Access Control: Includes barriers such as keycards, biometric readers, and security gates that control entry to physical spaces.
Logical Access Control: Involves software-based controls that manage access to digital systems, networks, and applications, often through user accounts and permissions.
Monitoring and Reporting:
Tracking: Logs and monitors access events to track who accessed what, when, and where. This information is crucial for auditing, troubleshooting, and responding to security incidents.
 
Access control systems are essential for maintaining security, protecting sensitive information, and ensuring that only authorized individuals can access specific areas or resources.